Science Blog
King, D., Yakubek, G., Chughtai, M., Khlopas, A., Saluan, P., Mont, M. A., & Genin, J. (2019). Quadriceps tendinopathy : a review — part 1 : epidemiology and diagnosis (Vol. 7). https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2019.01.58
Patellar tendinopathy, commonly known as "jumper's knee" is a major cause of pain in the anterior face of the knee due to chronic tendon degeneration caused by repetitive loads, stress on the knee extension mechanism classified as an overuse injury.
This pain in the anterior face of the knee is very common in patients with musculoskeletal disorders, and is often generalized as "patellar chondromalacia" or "patellofemoral syndrome".
Characterized by the fact that it appears in both athletes and non-athletes, with a greater number of injuries in the case of practitioners, the sports with the highest prevalence of patellar tendinopathy were: volleyball (14.4%), handball (13.3%), basketball (11.8%), track and field (6.9%), field hockey (5.1%), korfball (4.8%) and football (2.5%).
Among the risk factors associated with this pathology we can find:
- Sex (higher prevalence in men).
- Age (older).
- Height (greater height).
- Weight (greater weight).
TO LEARN MORE ABOUT TENDINOPATHY:
Franco, M., Rafael, Y., Miyamoto, G. C., Ferro, K., Oliveira, R. R. De, Maria, C., & Cabral, N. (2019). Exercise therapy in the treatment of tendinopathies of the lower limbs : a protocol of a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, (8:142), 4–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-019-1058-9
Murtaugh, B., & Ihm, J. M. (2013). Eccentric Training for the Treatment of Tendinopathies. American College of Sports Medicine, 12(3), 175–182. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8436881%0AA
Peña, J., Altarriba, A., Moreno-Doutres, D., Borra, X., Busca, B., Baiget, E., & Caparro, A. (2017). Patellar Tendinopathy in Team Sports : Preventive Exercises. National Strengh and Conditioning Association, 39(3), 10.
Lloyd, R. S., Faigenbaum, A. D., Stone, M. H., Oliver, J. L., Jeffreys, I., Moody, J. A., … Myer, G. D. (2014). Position statement on youth resistance training : the 2014 International Consensus. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48, 498–505. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092952
Current scientific evidence supports resistance training in children and adolescents as a way to achieve positive adaptations to health and sports performance, being safe and effective when it is properly prescribed and supervised by professionals.
The enhancements produced by resistence training correspond to (among others):
PERFORMANCE: HEALTH:
- Muscle strength. - Body composition.
- Power. - Body fat reduction.
- Running speed. - Improves insulin sensitivity in overweight - Speed in the change of direction. teenagers
- Overall engine performance. - Improves heart function in overweight
children
Muscle strength increases relatively linearly during childhood in boys and girls, being the main factor improving the maturation of the central nervous system (recruitment, frequency, synchronization and myelinization). With adolescence, begins to be a more relevant change in structural factors as a result of increased hormone concentrations such as testosterone, growth hormone, insulin growth factor, etc. especially in men.
Traditional fears that resistance training is damaging to the skeletal system are data without validation and without scientific or medical evidence, being beneficial to bone growth and formation, with no evidence that it is detrimental to growth.
In terms of injury prevention, a correctly prescribed resistence training program has the capacity to reduce risk factors and number of injuries in young people. Psychosocial health benefits have also been identified.
Training programs should follow a progressive and systematic model, changing the exercises, intensity, volume, frequency and repetitions speed in order to produce improvements, avoid the risk of overuse injury and boredom, introducing children when they are emotionally mature enough to follow their coach's instructions and have an adequate level of balance and postural control.
TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RESISTANCE TRAINING IN YOUNG PEOPLE:
Lesinski, M., Prieske, O., & Granacher, U. (2016). Effects and dose – response relationships of resistance training on physical performance in youth athletes : a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50, 781–795. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095497
Zwolski, C., Quatman-yates, C., Paterno, M. V, & Discus, S. (2017). Resistance Training in Youth : Laying the Foundation for Injury Prevention and Physical Literacy. Sports Health, 45229, 436–443. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738117704153
Lloyd, R. S., Meyers, R. W., & Oliver, J. L. (2011). The Natural Development and Trainability of Plyometric Ability During Childhood. National Strengh and Conditioning Association, 33, 23–32.